What is the most cost-effective sterilization method to eliminate bioburden on metal surgical instruments?

• A. Ethylene oxide sterilization
• B. Dry heat sterilization
• C. Steam under pressure
• D. Radiation sterilization

Answer: (C)

The most cost-effective sterilization method to eliminate bioburden on metal surgical instruments is steam under pressure. Steam sterilization, commonly referred to as autoclaving, efficiently uses high-temperature steam to kill microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and spores. This method is not only effective but also economical because it requires relatively low operating costs in comparison to other sterilization methods.

Steam sterilization is favored for its ability to penetrate the packaging and effectively sterilize intricate instruments and devices. Moreover, it has a rapid turnover rate, allowing for a higher volume of instruments to be processed in a shorter amount of time. The cost-effectiveness of this method arises from its efficiency and the minimal need for specialized equipment beyond the autoclave itself.

In addition to the financial benefits, steam sterilization is environmentally friendly, uses no toxic chemicals, and poses less risk to personnel involved in sterile processing. This method’s reliability, combined with its cost efficiency, makes it the preferred choice for routine sterilization of surgical instruments in most healthcare settings.